(10,1528) = 5.11, P Table 5 Overall tick burden and tick burden by categories of the temperature-humidity index (means ± standard errors) in four Colombian cattle breeds
Dialogue
There clearly was a light level of research in the books on the tick load inside the cattle to own exotic countries on the Americas. Very training on this point were carried out in subtropical nations such as for instance Southern area Africa [8, 15], places with high higher heat including Egypt and you may Pakistan , and many warm places such as for example Tanzania and you may Nigeria . Tick load can be reported playing with transformed studies, that renders effects investigations for actual tick weight difficult to translate. This research suggests the true tick burden as well as reference to temperature stress indicator during the five Bos taurus breeds located in three various other geographical aspects of Colombia (new Caribbean, Andean and you will Orinoquia countries). Tick weight on these Colombian cows types is actually below you to definitely used in an experiment having fun with steers grazing on the Meta company (Orinoquia region). As well, the common tick weight found in the five Colombian breeds for the the try out (17.4 ± 24.6) is gloomier than one to seen in most other tropical nations for example new malaysiancupid iЕџe yarД±yor mu B. indicus Meru crossbred inside Tanzania (37.5 ± 11.8) and many B. indicus cattle communities (White Fulani and you can Bunaji breeds and their crossbreds) in the Nigeria (22 ± step 1.4) . The various cattle breeds, grass species, grazing government, herding system, climate and you will ecological aspects of presses you will give an explanation for highest tick weight included in such most other education.
Tick shipping into the cattle regulators
The tick weight on rump and you can end out of SM (7.dos ± 12.2), ROMO (5.8 ± 10.2) and you can CCC (9.cuatro ± fifteen.1) cattle is higher than the latest tick burden on the rear foot, tummy and you can flanks (step one.0 ± dos.4, 4.six ± six.nine and eight.2 ± eleven.step 1, respectively). This type of efficiency go along with those gotten by inside the Nguni cattle. These article authors learned that the tick load towards the tail and you may perineum was more than the tick load to your belly regarding season. The lowest tick burden during the BON, ROMO and CCC cattle is actually noticed with the head and you may shoulder with the trunk and you can loin. Furthermore, Asmaa et al. learned that a reduced number of ticks have been observed inside the sight, shoulder and you can breasts. Clicks favor invisible and loving anatomical areas on the animal human anatomy . And that, an appropriate environment for tick success is underneath the end and perineum, possibly explaining new large number regarding ticks seen in these body zones. Additionally, the back base, udder, tummy, fore and buttocks flank be more exposed to lawn, and this without difficulty reached from the ticks. That is exactly why i noticed a high proportion of the full tick weight in these human anatomy zones.
Different kinds of turf and you can paddocks in which these types of pets offer you will produce variations in tick burden of the anatomical areas. This might be corroborated because of the equivalent portion of tick weight because of the anatomical areas noticed towards ROMO and CCC breeds, that have been found at a similar fresh channel and you can have been given with the exact same brand of grass. Having said that, the fresh new tick load by anatomical region is extremely different inside the BON and you will SM breeds, that is simply informed me by the a unique environment.
Sex, many years and you may alive pounds
The better tick load observed in ladies will abide by the outcomes away from Rehman mais aussi al. in Pakistani cows, where ladies had a dramatically large tick burden than just males. Additionally, there is a higher prevalence of tick infestation in women (58.7%) than in males (41.5%) within the Egyptian cattle . On the other hand, zero high differences was discovered towards the infestation frequency out-of Roentgen. microplus ranging from people in the Indian cows and you may Mexican cattle . About experimental stations where cows for the research was in fact leftover, bulls received preferential government since they had resting symptoms through to the start of next breeding seasons, and you will was in fact assigned from inside the paddocks that have a reduced stocking rate. In contrast, cows had been usually leftover in the high equipping pricing. That these standards obtained by the bulls throughout the some days of season you are going to describe why we found a lower tick load in males versus women in our study.